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Dead inmate formally exonerated in rape

April 8, 2009 schnurbush 12 comments

Dead inmate formally exonerated in rape

In a hearing with the family of Timothy Cole and the woman who was the rape victim, District Judge Charles Baird said mistaken eyewitness identification, questionable suspect lineups and a faulty investigation by Lubbock police led to Cole’s wrongful conviction in 1986.

Cole died in 1999 of complications from asthma while serving a 25 year sentence. He was 38.

“I’m relieved,” said Cole’s mother, Ruby Session. “I always had the feeling that one day it was going to happen.”

Cole is the first person in Texas to be posthumously exonerated after DNA testing showed he did not commit the crime that led to his conviction.

Eric Ferrero, spokesman for the national Innocence Project, said there has been at least one other posthumous DNA exoneration nationally. Frank Lee Smith died of cancer while on death row in Florida in 2000 and 11 months later was exonerated based on DNA testing.

Sitting next to Ruby Session during the hearing was Michelle Mallin, who was a Texas Tech University student when she was raped in 1985 and originally identified Cole as her attacker.

The Associated Press does not typically identify rape victims but Mallin has come forth publicly to help clear Cole’s name.

“I felt very guilty,” said Mallin, who added she has undergone counseling since learning last year that Cole was innocent.

“I’m glad it happened,” Mallin said of the exoneration. “It had to happen.”

The Innocence Project is trying to determine whether Baird’s ruling must still be upheld by the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. Cole would be the 37th Texas inmate exonerated by DNA testing.

Cole’s family also hopes Gov. Rick Perry will issue a pardon and will meet with him today. Perry spokeswoman Katherine Cesinger said state law doesn’t allow the governor to issue a pardon without a recommendation from the Board of Pardons and Paroles. A bill before the Legislature would change that in some circumstances.

“I have one more step,” Session said, “then it will be over.”

Cole was a military veteran and college student when he was convicted. Cole and his relatives for years claimed he was innocent, but were ignored by the judicial system until evidence from the original rape kit was tested for DNA last year. The tests cleared Cole and connected the crime to Jerry Wayne Johnson, who is serving life in prison for separate rapes.

In 1995, after the statute of limitations had expired on the Texas Tech rape, Johnson tried to confess to the crime in letters to prosecutors and judges in Lubbock County. But no one paid attention, and Cole died in prison four years later.

The Innocence Project of Texas eventually took on the case.

Categories: DNA, DNA exoneration Tags: ,

Twins Accused of Heist Freed

March 23, 2009 schnurbush 14 comments
Monday, Mar. 23, 2009, Time Magazine

Despite DNA Evidence, Twins Accused of Heist Freed

 

It’s an idea beloved of screenwriters: the perfect crime. But in Hollywood movies even the cleverest plot is usually derailed by an unforeseen hitch. Now a real-life heist in Germany seems to have flouted that rule together with its moral-laden subtext that crime doesn’t pay. In January €5,000,000 ($6,800,000) worth of jewelry was grabbed from the cases of Kaufhaus des Westens, a luxurious seven-story department store universally known as KaDeWe and as much of a Berlin landmark as the Victory Column and the Brandenburg Gate. Three masked, gloved thieves were caught on surveillance cameras sliding down ropes from store skylights, outsmarting the department store’s sophisticated security system.

That night they got clean away, but they did leave evidence behind: DNA, found in a drop of sweat on a discarded latex glove next to a rope ladder used to reach the ground floor. Police ran the material through the German crime database. And they got a hit; two in fact. (See pictures of printing money in Germany.)

The computer identified 27-year old identical twins Hassan and Abbas O. (under German law they cannot be named in full). Unemployed and Lebanese born, the brothers have lived in the northern German state of Lower Saxony since the age of one, but still have not been granted permanent residency. They have criminal records for theft and fraud. (See pictures of the annual twins days festival.)

Police arrested them on Feb. 11 in a gambling arcade and charged both brothers with burglary, an offense which carries a potential 10-year-sentence. But, on March 18, before the case ever came to trial, they were released. The twins — who have made no comment on the charges — “are laughing at the rule of law in this country,” opined Germany’s mass-market daily newspaper Bild.

Here’s the joke: the authorities had no choice as the court ruling made clear: “From the evidence we have, we can deduce that at least one of the brothers took part in the crime, but it has not been possible to determine which one.” Identical twins share 99.99% of their genetic information, and the tiny differences are impossible to isolate due to their nature — they tend to be spontaneous mutations limited to certain organs or tissues. “Identifying those [differences] would amount to dissecting the suspects,” says Professor Peter M. Schneider, a University of Cologne forensic expert. “Our hands are tied in a case like this”, says criminal law expert Professor Hans-Ullrich Paeffgen of Bonn University. “The law doesn’t allow us to detain someone indefinitely just because he is suspected of a crime. This may be different elsewhere. But I’d rather live in a country where someone guilty is not convicted for lack of conclusive evidence than in a place where innocent people are locked up.”

This isn’t the first time identical twins have proved impossible to pin down. Their genetic material can thwart paternity tests if both twins claim — or deny — fathering a child. A jury in a rape trial in Houston deadlocked in 2005 when the DNA recovered on the crime scene matched identical twins who had kidnapped their victim together. A year earlier in Boston, a suspected rapist, an identical twin, blamed his brother when confronted with the matching DNA. Although he was already serving a sentence following a rape conviction, the jury could not agree on a verdict and the judge declared a mistrial. Earlier this year, an identical twin suspected of drug smuggling and sentenced to death in Malaysia was set free when the court could not prove beyond doubt whether he or his brother had committed the crime. (Read a TIME cover story on DNA.)

If fresh evidence emerges, a new arrest warrant can be issued against Hassan and Abbas O. any time within the next 10 years, the statute of limitation for burglary cases. Police will continue to keep an eye on them, hoping to be led to the loot. But with the brothers’ arrest warrants suspended, they are free to travel and the authorities cannot tap their phone lines or keep tabs on their bank accounts.

“The mills of justice grind slowly, and sometimes not very finely,” says Prof. Paeffgen, drily. The twins disagree. “We are proud of the German legal system and grateful,” they told Berlin’s daily newspaper Tagesspiegel through a family member after their release.

See TIME’s Pictures of the Week.

Read a TIME cover story on DNA.

Categories: DNA

Proposal for DNA law violates Texans’ rights

March 12, 2009 schnurbush 1 comment

Galveston Daily News

Published March 12, 2009

When the state legislators are in session, as they are now, Texans are used to hearing about some harebrained scheme or other they dream up that usually doesn’t work and often treads upon people’s rights.

This year, Sen. Dan Patrick, R-Houston, and the police chiefs from Austin, Dallas, Fort Worth, San Antonio, Houston and El Paso have outdone themselves.

They want a law requiring a DNA test of everyone arrested for minor misdemeanors (class B and above) and felonies, regardless of whether the individual is convicted or not.

So, if someone is arrested for trespassing, reckless driving, graffiti or fighting, for example, the police would collect their DNA and store it in local, state and national data banks.

Given that nearly a million Texas adults and juveniles are arrested every year, the DNA proposal would cost taxpayers at least $32 million annually.

Patrick and the chiefs argue that testing would benefit crime solving and help wrongly convicted people — as the case of Timothy Cole recently proved. Cole was wrongly convicted of a 1985 rape in Lubbock and died in prison in 1999, before DNA tests proved his innocence.

It’s hard to find an argument more twisted and bizarre than this: Because the Lubbock police were incompetent and maliciously prosecuted an innocent person, all Texans should give up their rights to the police for DNA testing.

What business does the government have collecting our DNA — locally and nationally — just on the off-chance that sometime, somewhere in the country, the DNA may identify someone previously convicted or who doesn’t show up for court? What are the odds of that?

Why do they think this should trump our personal privacy and bodily integrity?

Given all the uniquely personal medical history wrapped up in DNA, what’s to prevent that information from leaking out, accidentally or intentionally — as we saw recently when veterans’ private medical records were posted on the Web?

Clearly, there are times when DNA collection is necessary, such as in rape or murder cases. But there already are procedures for that, based upon proper cause.

Patrick and the chiefs tell us they’ll make sure that, if the person is cleared after arrest, the DNA sample and all data-base records will be destroyed. That’s really hard to believe; impossible, actually. That presumes a level of police competence we have yet to witness.

However, if you pay the fine for your misdemeanor charge, rather than go to trial, the government will keep your DNA records for the rest of your life.

Police seem to have the idea that, simply because the technology is available, they should use it, regardless of whether it violates our constitutional protections against unreasonable government intrusion.

Imagine what the founders of this country and the drafters of the Bill of Rights would have thought of that argument.

Certainly, our society would have less crime if the police could search our houses without a warrant or make arrests without probable cause, but that is not what a democracy is about. Democracy is a delicate balance between the rights of individuals and the power of the government.

Sen. Patrick and the police chiefs have overstepped the bounds. We need to let them know they have gone too far, and that they need to reacquaint themselves with the Bill of Rights.

James Harrington is director of Texas Civil Rights Project.

Categories: DNA Tags:

DNA Testing: Is Big Brother Watching?

February 10, 2009 schnurbush 8 comments

Police chiefs want expanded DNA testing

Samples would be taken from anyone suspected of a Class B misdemeanor or above.


AMERICAN-STATESMAN STAFF
Tuesday, February 10, 2009

For the first time, hundreds of thousands of Texans arrested on suspicion of crimes could be forced to give samples of their DNA to law enforcement officers under a change in state law being pushed by Texas’ top six police chiefs, including Austin Police Chief Art Acevedo.

Under the proposal, which faces an uncertain future in the current budget-cutting climate, DNA would be taken from everyone who is arrested on suspicion of committing Class B misdemeanors up to the most serious felonies.

Currently, DNA samples can be taken from anyone convicted of a felony and from those arrested for particularly violent crimes such as aggravated rape, aggravated kidnapping and murder.

One supporter of expanded DNA testing, state Sen. Dan Patrick, R-Houston, said more samples would benefit crime-solving and the wrongly convicted — as the case of Timothy Cole recently proved.

Cole was wrongly convicted of a 1985 rape in Lubbock and died in prison in 1999, before DNA tests proved his long-held claims of innocence.

“Timothy Cole would never have gone to prison if we could have had DNA from people who are arrested. … That’s a most compelling argument,” Patrick said. “The bigger the database of DNA samples we have, the better we can find those who are innocent.”

Acevedo agreed: “In the end, it would make the criminal justice system better — by helping bring the guilty to justice and protecting the falsely convicted or accused.”

Opponents says it legally overreaches by collecting samples from thousands who may never be charged with, much less convicted of, a crime. The same controversy arose two years ago when federal officials began collecting DNA from most everyone arrested by a federal law enforcement agency.

“This is incredibly personal, private information,” said Rebecca Bernhardt, policy director of the American Civil Liberties Union of Texas. “There are a lot of people who are arrested who are never charged or convicted of a crime. It may create a temptation to arrest someone.”

Even so, critics and some supporters agree on this: The proposal could be doomed because of its estimated $32 million minimum price tag.

According to figures provided by the police chiefs and the Texas Department of Public Safety, about 872,000 Texans were arrested last year on suspicion of crimes ranging from Class B misdemeanors on up — 940,500 if juvenile lawbreakers are included. Besides Acevedo, the chiefs are from Dallas, Fort Worth, San Antonio, Houston and El Paso.

Houston police Lt. Scott Siscoe and lawmakers who have been briefed on the chiefs’ plan said it proposes that all felony arrestees give DNA samples beginning in 2010 and that Class B misdemeanor arrestees be added in 2012. The proposal also allows DNA samples to be destroyed once they are recorded in the database.

“The database could only be used by law enforcement, not for genetic reasons or insurance or anything else,” Siscoe said.

Additionally, people who have criminal charges against them dropped could have their DNA removed from the state’s database, Acevedo said.

mward@statesman.com; 445-1712

Categories: DNA Tags:

Family Seeks to Clear Man Who Died in Prison

February 6, 2009 schnurbush 10 comments

DALLAS, Texas (CNN) — The family of Timothy Cole, a Texas man who died in prison nearly a decade ago while serving a sentence for a rape he swore he did not commit, is hoping a court will issue the state’s first posthumous exoneration.

Timothy Cole died in prison while serving a sentence for a rape DNA tests show he did not commit.
Cole was convicted and sentenced to 25 years in prison for the 1985 rape of 20-year-old Michele Mallin. He maintained his innocence, but it was not confirmed by DNA until years after his 1999 death, when another inmate confessed to the rape.

“Everybody thinks he died a felon, a hardened criminal,” Cole’s brother, Cory Session, told CNN. “That’s what hurts.”

The court hearing on the exoneration began Thursday afternoon, according to the Austin American-Statesman.

Mallin, who has spoken publicly about the case, will join Cole’s family in the Austin, Texas, courtroom. They want a judge to clear Cole’s name, according to the Innocence Project of Texas, a nonprofit organization that seeks to help the wrongfully convicted.

Among those expected to testify are Mallin and Jerry Wayne Johnson, her confessed rapist. Video Watch Cole’s mother make emotional plea »

Then a student at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Mallin was walking to her car, intending to move it to another parking lot, when a man approached her asking about jumper cables, she told CNN. In a matter of seconds, he put her in a chokehold, a knife to her neck. He forced himself into her car and drove her to the outskirts of town, where he raped her.

The next day, police investigators showed Mallin pictures of possible suspects. She chose a picture of Cole and said he was her attacker. She later identified him in a physical lineup, according to the Innocence Project of Texas.

“I was positive,” she told CNN. “I really thought it was him.”

But there was one detail: Mallin told police her attacker was a smoker. “He was smoking the entire time.”

And Cole, who suffered from severe asthma, “was never a smoker,” Session said. “He took daily medications (for asthma) when he was younger.”

“He was the sacrificial lamb. To them, my brother was the Tech rapist, there was no backtracking. It was the trial of the decade for Lubbock.”

The “Tech rapist” attacked four women other than Mallin — abducting them in parking lots near campus and driving them to a vacant location, where he would rape them and flee on foot, according to the Innocence Project of Texas. The rapist “terrorized” the Texas Tech campus in the mid-1980s, the organization said.

Cole, like Mallin, was a student at Texas Tech. He had finished two years of college previously and was returning to school after spending two years in the Army, his brother said.

But his dreams of getting married and having children never materialized. He was arrested and charged with Mallin’s rape, declining a plea bargain offer that would have put him on probation. A jury convicted him and imposed a 25-year sentence.

That night, “he hugged my mother, and he said, ‘Mother, why these people lie on me? Why they do this to me?’ ” Cole’s brother Reggie Session recounted for the Lubbock Avalanche-Journal, which published a three-part series on the case in June.

“He said, ‘They know I ain’t done nothing to that girl. I don’t even know that girl. Why they do this to me, mother?’ … He cried in my mother’s arms on the floor.”

Later, while in prison, Cole rejected an offer of parole that would have required him to admit his guilt. “His greatest wish was to be exonerated and completely vindicated,” his mother, Ruby Session, told CNN affiliate News 8 Austin.

But the asthma that plagued Cole throughout his life brought about his death on December 2, 1999. The cause was determined to be heart complications due to his asthmatic condition. He was 39.

It was 2007 when a letter addressed to Cole arrived at his family’s home, written by Johnson. Read the letter »

“You may recall my name from your 1986 rape trial in Lubbock,” says the letter, dated May 11, 2007. “Your Lubbock attorney, Mike Brown, tried to show I committed the rape.

“I have been trying to locate you since 1995 to tell you I wish to confess I did in fact commit the rape Lubbock wrongly convicted you of. It is very possible that through a written confession from me and DNA testing, you can finally have your name cleared of the rape … if this letter reaches you, please contact me by writing so that we can arrange to take the steps to get the process started. Whatever it takes, I will do it.”

Johnson did not know Cole had died. In fact, according to the Avalanche-Journal, he had been writing to court officials for years to confess to the rape, but got nowhere.

Upon finding out that Cole was dead, Johnson wrote he “cried and felt double guilty, even though I know the system’s at fault,” according to the Avalanche-Journal.

“A day later, I am still bothered, terribly, by the death revelation. Because, not knowing Mr. Cole at all, I wonder if the wrongful incarceration contributed to his death.”

Johnson has been in prison since 1985 on two convictions for aggravated sexual assault, according to the Texas Department of Corrections. He was given a life sentence for the rape of a 15-year-old girl, and a jury later tacked on a 99-year sentence for another rape, according to the Avalanche-Journal. He cannot be charged with the Mallin case, as the statute of limitations has expired.

The Innocence Project became involved after Cole’s family received Johnson’s letter. DNA tests confirmed that Johnson was Mallin’s attacker. Now, Cole’s family hopes the court hearing will be the final step in clearing his name.

Mallin is helping them. “I was very traumatized,” she told CNN. “I was scared for my life. I tried my hardest to remember what he looked like.  “I’m trying to get his name cleared. It’s the right thing to do.”

Categories: DNA, prison Tags: ,

Law enforcement to review Tylenol murders

February 5, 2009 schnurbush 8 comments

(CNN) — The FBI announced Wednesday that it is working with Illinois state and local police to review evidence related to the 1982 Tylenol murders.

The deaths occurred after Extra-Strength Tylenol pills were laced with potassium cyanide.

The deaths occurred after Extra-Strength Tylenol pills were laced with potassium cyanide.

“This review was prompted, in part, by the recent 25th anniversary of this crime and the resulting publicity,” the FBI said in a written statement.

“Further, given the many recent advances in forensic technology, it was only natural that a second look be taken at the case and recovered evidence.”

The anniversary coincided with a number of tips to law enforcement agencies related to the crimes, the FBI said.

Agents on Wednesday searched the Cambridge, Massachusetts, house of James W. Lewis, who was convicted of sending an extortion note to Johnson & Johnson but denied having anything to do with the poisonings.

Lewis’s wife LeAnn is listed as administrator of a Web design company called Cyberlewis.com. Its Web site lists the company’s address as the same address that authorities searched Wednesday.

On its Web site is posted a note that says, in part, ” … I was villified (sic) globally as the Tylenol Man, accused of being the mass murderer who spiked Tylenol with cyanide in Chicago back in 1982, killing seven. Those grotesque accusations obviously were false, otherwise I could not be writing these words. After 25 years, the Tylenol murders remain unsolved. I have lived a long, bizarre life and I have seen a lot, yet I am literate and lucid enough to view and describe, compare and contrast hugely diverse worlds, cultures and topics, without a moment of boredom, all with an eye to professionalism, demographics and marketability plus ears and heart sensitive to good taste and victims’ feelings.”

A call to LeAnne Lewis’ telephone number was not immediately returned.

FBI spokeswoman Gail Marcinkiewicz said two searches in Cambridge were under way “related to an ongoing investigation.”

She would not say whether they were related to the Tylenol case.

Criminal charges have not been filed in the seven Chicago-area killings, which occurred after Extra-Strength Tylenol capsules were laced with potassium cyanide.

The killings led to changes in packaging of over-the-counter drugs.

Categories: DNA, mass murder Tags: ,